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The involvement of the Soviet 14th Guards Army in the War of Transnistria was extensive and contributed to the outcome, which left the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR) with ''de facto'' independence from the Republic of Moldova. ==Background== The 14th Army was formed as a unit of the Soviet Army on 25 November 1956 from the 10th Guards 'Budapest' Rifle Corps, formerly part of the Odessa Military District with headquarters in Chişinău.〔Holm, http://www.ww2.dk/new/army/armies/14gvoa.htm and ("Russian troops in Transnistria – a threat to the security of the Republic of Moldova" ) By Dr. Mihai Gribincea, Institute of Political and Military Studies, Chişinău, Moldova〕 In 1960 the following divisions were assigned to the army:〔Holm/FEskov 2015, (14th GUards Combined Arms Army )〕 *59th Guards Motor Rifle Division (Tiraspol, Moldavian SSR) *86th Guards Motor Rifle Division (Beltsy, Moldavian SSR) *88th Motor Rifle Division (Belgorod-Dnestrovskiy, Odessa Oblast) *118th Motor Rifle Division (Bolgrad, Moldavian SSR) In 1964 the 88th Motor Rifle Division became the 180th Motor Rifle Division, and the 118th MRD became the 48th MRD. On 3 November 1967 the army was renamed the 14th Guards Combined Arms Army. In 1968 the 48th MRD took part in the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia, and then joined the Central Group of Forces there. In the 1980s the army headquarters was moved to Tiraspol, within the then Moldovan Soviet Socialist Republic. By 1991, the army was made up of four motor rifle divisions and other smaller units. Only the 59th Guards Motor Rifle Division and some smaller units, including the 1162nd Anti-Aircraft Rocket Regiment were on the left bank of the Dniester in the region of Transnistria.〔Feskov et al., 2004, "The Soviet Army in the period of the Cold War", Tomsk University Press.〕 Other formations, including the 28th Guards and 180th Motor Rifle Divisions, were over the border in Ukraine and became part of the Ukrainian Ground Forces. According to the Army sources, local Transnistrians made up the great majority of its soldiers, including 51 percent of the officers and 79 percent of the draftees.〔Edward Ozhiganov, "The Republic of Moldova: Transdniester and the 14th Army," in "Managing Conflict in the Former Soviet Union: Russian and American Perspectives," Alexei Arbatov, et al. eds. (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1997), p. 179.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「14th Army involvement in Transnistria」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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